Working Papers

ERF Working papers are a quick and efficient way of sharing research work to disseminate knowledge, receive feedback, obtain preliminary recognition, and ultimately, to prepare publications.

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Latest Working Papers

Working Papers

Where Have All the Mothers Gone? COVID and...

Theory attributes finance with the ability to both promote growth and reduce output... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1847

Topic

I1. Health

J2. Demand and Supply of Labor

J1. Demographic Economics

Working Papers

Micro-Level Estimation of Poverty in Iran: Evidence from...

Theory attributes finance with the ability to both promote growth and reduce output... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1846

Topic

C3. Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models

I3. Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty

O1. Economic Development

Working Papers

Do Household Enterprise Dynamics Help Workers Climb the...

Theory attributes finance with the ability to both promote growth and reduce output... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1845

Topic

J4. Particular Labor Markets

J6. Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers

J2. Demand and Supply of Labor

J1. Demographic Economics

Working Papers

Conflict Intensity and Nascent Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Iraq

Theory attributes finance with the ability to both promote growth and reduce output... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1844

Topic

L2. Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior

O5. Economywide Country Studies

D7. Analysis of Collective Decision-Making

Working Papers

The Impact of the EU’s Emissions Trading System...

Theory attributes finance with the ability to both promote growth and reduce output... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1843

Topic

Q4. Energy

Q5. Environmental Economics

O1. Economic Development

Full List of Working Papers

Working Papers
Oil Price Volatility, Financial Institutions and Economic Growth

Theory attributes finance with the ability to both promote growth and reduce output volatility. But... Read More

Working Papers
Chronic Illness and Labor Market Participation in Arab Countries: Evidence from Egypt and Tunisia

This study examines the effect of chronic illness on labor force participation in Egypt and... Read More

Working Papers
Reforming Fiscal Institutions in Resource-Rich Arab Economies: Policy Proposals

This paper traces the evolution of fiscal institutions of Resource Rich Arab Economies (RRAEs) over... Read More

Working Papers
Schooling Choices’ Responses to Labor Market Shocks: Evidence From a Natural Experiment

This paper uses the closure of Israeli labor market to examine the effect of a... Read More

Working Papers
Oil Revenues Shocks and Inequality in Iran

We study the responses of income inequality to positive per capita oil and gas revenues... Read More

Working Papers
Armed Conflict and Child Labor: Evidence from Iraq

This paper examines the relationship between armed conflict intensity and child labor using household level... Read More

Working Papers
Does it Still Pay to Go to College in Egypt? Decomposition Analysis of Wage Differentials For College and Non-College Graduates

This paper analyzes the educational wage differentials among youth graduates in Egypt using a nationally... Read More

Working Papers
Does Central Bank Independence Matter in Arab Oil Exporters

The paper shows that central banks in Arab oil exporters are not independent. Low independence... Read More

Working Papers
Do More Productive Firms Pay Workers More? Evidence from Egypt

Theoretically, in perfectly competitive markets with full information, marginal productivity of labor and workers’ wages... Read More

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