Working Papers

ERF Working papers are a quick and efficient way of sharing research work to disseminate knowledge, receive feedback, obtain preliminary recognition, and ultimately, to prepare publications.

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Latest Working Papers

Working Papers

Financialization and Income Inequality

Abstract The paper assesses the impact of the Uruguay Round Agreements on ESCWA... Read More

Date

December, 2025

No.

1821

Topic

F6. Economic Impacts of Globalization

F4. Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance

I3. Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty

O1. Economic Development

Working Papers

Informality and Heterogeneity: Assessing Monetary Policy Transmission in...

Abstract The paper assesses the impact of the Uruguay Round Agreements on ESCWA... Read More

Date

December, 2025

No.

1820

Topic

E1. General Aggregative Models

E3. Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles

E5. Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit

E2. Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy

Working Papers

Innovation Activities and Sustainable Firm Growth in Arab...

Abstract The paper assesses the impact of the Uruguay Round Agreements on ESCWA... Read More

Date

December, 2025

No.

1819

Topic

L1. Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance

O3. Technological Change, Research and Development, Intellectual Property Rights

Working Papers

Stuck in War: The PKK Conflict and Intergenerational...

Abstract The paper assesses the impact of the Uruguay Round Agreements on ESCWA... Read More

Date

December, 2025

No.

1818

Topic

N3. Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy

I1. Health

I2. Education and Research Institutions

J2. Demand and Supply of Labor

Working Papers

Investor Herding and Islamic Moral Economy and Finance:...

Abstract The paper assesses the impact of the Uruguay Round Agreements on ESCWA... Read More

Date

December, 2025

No.

1817

Topic

G1. General Financial Markets

Full List of Working Papers

Working Papers
The Impact of the Uruguay Round Agreements on ESCWA Countries’ Manufactured Exports

Abstract The paper assesses the impact of the Uruguay Round Agreements on ESCWA countries' exports... Read More

Working Papers
Demand for Oil Products in the GCC Countries

Abstract The purpose of this study is to estimate the short and long-run income and... Read More

Working Papers
Intra-Regional Trade in Industrial Products: Past Trends and Future Prospects

Abstract This paper examines recent developments and future prospects of intra-regional trade in industrial products... Read More

Working Papers
Do Workers Pay for Social Protection? An Analysis of Wage Differentials in the Egyptian Private Sector

Abstract This paper examines whether private employers are able to pass the cost of protective... Read More

Working Papers
Trade Liberalization and Foreign Investment in Jordan

Abstract This paper discusses trade reforms adopted by Jordan since the severe economic crisis it... Read More

Working Papers
Catching Up With Eastern Europe? The European Union’s Mediterranean Free Trade Initiative

Abstract This paper discusses the potential role of a Euro-Mediterranean Agreement (EMA) in helping Middle... Read More

Working Papers
Earnings and Regional Inequality in Egypt

Abstract This paper presents an empirical investigation of the determinants of labor market earnings inequality... Read More

Working Papers
The Partisan Theory and Macroeconomic Policy Under Unscheduled Regime Transfers, A Case Study of An LDC

Abstract In this paper we investigate the possible occurrence of patterns in macroeconomic policy targeting... Read More

Working Papers
The Decline of the Iranian Rial During the Post Revolutionary Period: A Productivity Approach

Abstract Since the advent of revolution in Iran, the Iranian rial has lost its nominal... Read More

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