Working Papers
ERF Working papers are a quick and efficient way of sharing research work to disseminate knowledge, receive feedback, obtain preliminary recognition, and ultimately, to prepare publications.
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Full List of Working Papers
Private Banking and Crony Capitalism in Egypt
In Egypt, the bulk of bank loans during 2003-2010 went to politically connected firms. At... Read More
National Oil Companies in the Middle East and North Africa: Remaining Relevant in a Changing World
This paper applies a practitioner’s analytical perspective to assessing the contractual arrangements governing oil and... Read More
Investment Climate and Firms’ Exports in Egypt: When Politics Matter
The objective of this paper is to explore the nexus between exports performance and components... Read More
Out of Pocket Health Expenditures in Turkey in the Aftermath of the Reforms: Impact of Co-payments on Expenditures and Use of Health Services
In 2002 Turkey started to implement reforms in health care aiming to ease access and... Read More
Comparative Analysis of Higher Education Processes in Egypt, Jordan and Tunisia: An Examination of Pedagogy, Accountability and Perceptions of Quality
In this paper, we present a comparison of several dimensions of higher education processes linked... Read More
Is There an Arab Variety of Capitalism?
This paper argues that capitalism in Arab low- to mid-income countries is organized in a... Read More
Correlates of Kin Marriage in Egypt, Jordan, and Tunisia
Although kin marriage is widely practiced in the MENA, the rationales that are thought to... Read More
Crony Interlockers and The Centrality of Banks: The Network of Moroccan Listed Companies
In this paper, we study crony capitalism through the lens of Moroccan listed companies and... Read More
Out of Pocket Health Expenditure and Household Budget: Evidence from Arab Countries
This paper assesses the prevalence of out-of-pocket catastrophic health expenditure and pinpoints the factors associated... Read More