ERF’s Working Papers Series disseminates work in progress in order to promote constructive debate and peer review.
Given the persistence of low oil prices, which has become the new norm, and the ... read more
Despite that maternal employment can increase family income, several studies have suggested that it has ... read more
This paper explores the relation between institutions and trade in the Middle East and North ... read more
We investigate the influence of the institutional environment on bank capital levels. Using a sample ... read more
This paper aims to investigate the role of various knowledge indicators (human capital, research and ... read more
This paper analyzes the drivers of wage differences among college graduates who hold a degree ... read more
There is substantial evidence that on average, urban children have better health outcomes than rural ... read more
In no other region of the world are Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) as numerous, long-standing ... read more
This study attempts to identify whether government ownership has an effect on corporate performance, such ... read more
This paper tests the asymmetric long-run dynamics between oil price changes and Kuwait stock prices ... read more
If Tunisia was hailed as a success story with its high rankings in economic, educational, ... read more
We analyze the relationship between the expansion of middle class in 42 African countries and ... read more
This paper examines the factors that influence households' expenditure on education in Sudan using the ... read more
Using firm-level data from an EBRD/EIB/WB joint survey covering more than 6,000 private firms in ... read more
The literature on the institutions-FDI nexus has treated the influence of institutions independently of each ... read more
This paper explores the impact of political instability on firms. The context of this paper ... read more