Working Papers

ERF Working papers are a quick and efficient way of sharing research work to disseminate knowledge, receive feedback, obtain preliminary recognition, and ultimately, to prepare publications.

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Latest Working Papers

Working Papers

The Impact of Soft Power on Inward Foreign...

Egypt’s female labor force participation remains among the world’s lowest, at 16 percent... Read More

Date

September, 2025

No.

1794

Topic

Q4. Energy

H5. National Government Expenditures and Related Policies

E2. Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy

F2. International Factor Movements and International Business

Working Papers

Does High Liquidity Creation Reduce the Efficiency of...

Egypt’s female labor force participation remains among the world’s lowest, at 16 percent... Read More

Date

September, 2025

No.

1793

Topic

E5. Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit

G2. Financial Institutions and Services

Working Papers

The Interplay Between Fertility and Female Labor Market...

Egypt’s female labor force participation remains among the world’s lowest, at 16 percent... Read More

Date

August, 2025

No.

1792

Topic

J2. Demand and Supply of Labor

J1. Demographic Economics

Working Papers

The Impact of Price, Legality, and Flavor Availability...

Egypt’s female labor force participation remains among the world’s lowest, at 16 percent... Read More

Date

August, 2025

No.

1791

Topic

K3. Other Substantive Areas of Law

I1. Health

I2. Education and Research Institutions

Working Papers

Harassment and Female Labor Force Participation: Micro-Level Evidence...

Egypt’s female labor force participation remains among the world’s lowest, at 16 percent... Read More

Date

August, 2025

No.

1790

Topic

R4. Transportation Economics

J2. Demand and Supply of Labor

J1. Demographic Economics

Full List of Working Papers

Working Papers
Impact of the Chikungunya Epidemic on Household Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditures In Kassala State, Sudan

This study examines the health and economic repercussions of the 2018 Chikungunya epidemic on households... Read More

Working Papers
Digital Financial Inclusion and Socioeconomic Sustainability in Saudi Arabia: Drivers, Disparities, and Policy Pathways

This study explores the evolution, determinants, and disparities of digital financial inclusion (DFI) in Saudi... Read More

Working Papers
The Effect of International Sanctions on the Size of the Middle Class in Iran

This study examines the impact of international economic sanctions, imposed on Iran due to its... Read More

Working Papers
Bridging Education and Fertility: Unraveling the Role of Gender Attitudes

In 2023, Jordan's fertility rate has decreased to 2.6 children per woman. This decline is... Read More

Working Papers
Domestic and External Determinants of Inflation: An Empirical Investigation for Egypt

This paper investigates the relationship between inflation in and a set of domestic and external... Read More

Working Papers
The Missing Link: When GVC Does Not Matter for Structural Change

Despite rising levels of Global Value Chains (GVC) integration in several emerging and developing economies,... Read More

Working Papers
Does the Inverted U-Shaped Kuznets Environmental Curve Hold for Sudan? Evidence from the ARDL Approach

This study primarily aims to test the applicability of the inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve... Read More

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