Working Papers

ERF Working papers are a quick and efficient way of sharing research work to disseminate knowledge, receive feedback, obtain preliminary recognition, and ultimately, to prepare publications.

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Latest Working Papers

Working Papers

Making Trade Policy Innovation Friendly: What Role of...

Abstract The objectives of this study are: (1) to explore the cross-country relationship... Read More

Date

April, 2026

No.

1825

Topic

O3. Technological Change, Research and Development, Intellectual Property Rights

F1. Trade

Working Papers

Women’s Employment and Gender Dynamics in the Arab...

Abstract The objectives of this study are: (1) to explore the cross-country relationship... Read More

Date

March, 2026

No.

SWP 2026-3

Topic

O3. Technological Change, Research and Development, Intellectual Property Rights

J1. Demographic Economics

Working Papers

Women and the Green Economy in Arab Countries...

Abstract The objectives of this study are: (1) to explore the cross-country relationship... Read More

Date

March, 2026

No.

SWP 2026-2

Topic

O3. Technological Change, Research and Development, Intellectual Property Rights

Q5. Environmental Economics

J1. Demographic Economics

Working Papers

The Main Features of Sudan’s Income and Wage...

Abstract The objectives of this study are: (1) to explore the cross-country relationship... Read More

Date

March, 2026

No.

1824

Topic

D3. Distribution

E2. Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy

J3. Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs

O1. Economic Development

Working Papers

Gender Dynamics in the Digital Economy: Opportunities and...

Abstract The objectives of this study are: (1) to explore the cross-country relationship... Read More

Date

March, 2026

No.

SWP 2026-1

Topic

O3. Technological Change, Research and Development, Intellectual Property Rights

J1. Demographic Economics

Full List of Working Papers

Working Papers
The Relationship of Gender Difference in Education to Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Analysis

Abstract The objectives of this study are: (1) to explore the cross-country relationship of gender... Read More

Working Papers
Key Long-Term Development Issues in Jordan

Abstract This paper deals with the key long-term issues in Jordan. It reviews concisely the... Read More

Working Papers
Le Partenariat Euro-Méditerranéen

Abstract The Mediterranean has become a stage that reflects the complexities of the new world... Read More

Working Papers
Key Long-Term Development Issues in Tunisia

Abstract Two opposite views can emerge when analyzing the Tunisian development experience. The first is... Read More

Working Papers
Employment Experience in the Middle East and North Africa

Abstract This paper provides an overview of the employment experience in the Middle East and... Read More

Working Papers
External Finance in the Middle East: Trends and Prospects

Abstract This paper examines recent financial flows to and from the Middle East with two... Read More

Working Papers
Economic Growth in the Middle East and North Africa: An International Perspective

Abstract This paper examines from an international perspective the growth experience of a group of... Read More

Working Papers
The Role of the State: The Case of Egypt

Abstract This paper adopts a neo-industrial approach to analyze the changing economic role of the... Read More

Working Papers
Arab Economic Integration: Current Reality and Future Prospects

Abstract Despite repeated efforts to promote the integration of their markets, mutual trade between Arab... Read More

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