Working Papers
ERF Working papers are a quick and efficient way of sharing research work to disseminate knowledge, receive feedback, obtain preliminary recognition, and ultimately, to prepare publications.
Latest Working Papers
Full List of Working Papers
Iran’s Inflatiory Experience: Demand Pressures, External Shocks, And Supply Constraints
This paper studies determinants of inflation in Iran. The buildup of international reserves has accelerated... Read More
Governance Reform to Achieve Social Justice and Inclusive Growth in Egypt: Building Inclusive Economic Institutions
The development literature has focused mostly on the relationship between governance and growth, and most... Read More
Inequality of Opportunity in the Labor Market for Higher Education Graduates in Egypt and Jordan
In the Middle East and North Africa, unequal opportunities occur in both the education system... Read More
Top Incomes and the Measurement of Inequality in Egypt
In the aftermath of the global financial crisis, people’s awareness of income inequality has increased... Read More
How Did Wars Dampen Trade in the MENA Region?
The paper investigates the effects of wars on trade in the Middle East and North... Read More
The Emergence of Highly Sophisticated Lebanese Exports in the Absence of an Industrial Policy
This paper explores the experience of the Lebanese industrial sector in exporting highly sophisticated products.... Read More
The Unfolding of Gender Gap in Education
The gender gap in education against females becomes smaller as the level of development increases... Read More
Threshold Effects in the Capital Account Liberalization and Foreign Direct Investment Relationship
This paper examines the effects of capital account liberalization (CAL) on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).... Read More
Real Exchange Rates and Export Performance in Oil-Dependent Arab Economies
Diversifying oil economies, toward manufacturing and more sophisticated products and services, is one of the... Read More