Working Papers

ERF Working papers are a quick and efficient way of sharing research work to disseminate knowledge, receive feedback, obtain preliminary recognition, and ultimately, to prepare publications.

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Latest Working Papers

Working Papers

Conflict Intensity and Nascent Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Iraq

This study examines how conflict intensity shapes nascent entrepreneurial transitions in Iraq. Combining... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1844

Topic

L2. Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior

O5. Economywide Country Studies

D7. Analysis of Collective Decision-Making

Working Papers

The Impact of the EU’s Emissions Trading System...

This study examines how conflict intensity shapes nascent entrepreneurial transitions in Iraq. Combining... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1843

Topic

Q4. Energy

Q5. Environmental Economics

O1. Economic Development

Working Papers

Labor Market Dynamics and Economic Mobility: An Analysis...

This study examines how conflict intensity shapes nascent entrepreneurial transitions in Iraq. Combining... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1842

Topic

J3. Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs

I3. Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty

J2. Demand and Supply of Labor

Working Papers

Conflict Exposure in a Multi-Sectarian Society: Evidence from...

This study examines how conflict intensity shapes nascent entrepreneurial transitions in Iraq. Combining... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1841

Topic

C9. Design of Experiments

N4. Government, War, Law, International Relations, and Regulation

D7. Analysis of Collective Decision-Making

Working Papers

Does Automatic Enrollment Crowd Out Voluntary IPS Contribution?...

This study examines how conflict intensity shapes nascent entrepreneurial transitions in Iraq. Combining... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1840

Topic

H3. Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents

H2. Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue

D1. Household Behavior and Family Economics

Full List of Working Papers

Working Papers
Conflict Intensity and Nascent Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Iraq

This study examines how conflict intensity shapes nascent entrepreneurial transitions in Iraq. Combining ACLED regional... Read More

Working Papers
The Impact of the EU’s Emissions Trading System on 3rd Countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)

Could the European Union’s Emission Trading System (EU’s ETS) have both negative (carbon leakage) and... Read More

Working Papers
Labor Market Dynamics and Economic Mobility: An Analysis of Egyptian Panel Data

Improving household welfare remains a central challenge in Egypt, where poverty persists and labor markets... Read More

Working Papers
Conflict Exposure in a Multi-Sectarian Society: Evidence from Lebanon

This study examines how conflict exposure shapes trust in a multi-sectarian society where all groups... Read More

Working Papers
Does Automatic Enrollment Crowd Out Voluntary IPS Contribution? Evidence from Türkiye

Using the nationwide automatic enrollment policy implemented in Türkiye in 2017, this paper examines how... Read More

Working Papers
Informality Dynamics in Egypt: A Job Ladder Approach

Pervasive employment informality is a defining feature of developing country labor markets. Informal employment is,... Read More

Working Papers
Maternal Education and Childhood Obesity in Türkiye: Is There A Causal Link?

This paper examines the causal impact of maternal education on childhood overweight and obesity using... Read More

Working Papers
Sustainability and Banking Stability in GCC Economies: Threshold Effect of Innovation, Bank Competition and Institutional Quality

This study analyzes the threshold effect of innovation, bank competition, and institutional quality on the... Read More

Working Papers
Are Egypt’s Elderly Prepared for A Warmer Future? Studying The Nexus Between Climate Change and the Wellbeing of Elderly in Egypt

Egypt is warming rapidly, raising concerns about the vulnerability of its growing elderly population. This... Read More

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