Working Papers

ERF Working papers are a quick and efficient way of sharing research work to disseminate knowledge, receive feedback, obtain preliminary recognition, and ultimately, to prepare publications.

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Latest Working Papers

Working Papers

Conflict Intensity and Nascent Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Iraq

This paper reviews the development experiences of the six GCC countries, which managed... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1844

Topic

L2. Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior

O5. Economywide Country Studies

D7. Analysis of Collective Decision-Making

Working Papers

The Impact of the EU’s Emissions Trading System...

This paper reviews the development experiences of the six GCC countries, which managed... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1843

Topic

Q4. Energy

Q5. Environmental Economics

O1. Economic Development

Working Papers

Labor Market Dynamics and Economic Mobility: An Analysis...

This paper reviews the development experiences of the six GCC countries, which managed... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1842

Topic

J3. Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs

I3. Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty

J2. Demand and Supply of Labor

Working Papers

Conflict Exposure in a Multi-Sectarian Society: Evidence from...

This paper reviews the development experiences of the six GCC countries, which managed... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1841

Topic

C9. Design of Experiments

N4. Government, War, Law, International Relations, and Regulation

D7. Analysis of Collective Decision-Making

Working Papers

Does Automatic Enrollment Crowd Out Voluntary IPS Contribution?...

This paper reviews the development experiences of the six GCC countries, which managed... Read More

Date

October, 2026

No.

1840

Topic

H3. Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents

H2. Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue

D1. Household Behavior and Family Economics

Full List of Working Papers

Working Papers
The Sustainability of GCC Development under the New Global Oil Order

This paper reviews the development experiences of the six GCC countries, which managed to avoid the... Read More

Working Papers
Islamic Finance and GCC Economic Integration

The GCC has a mixed conventional and Islamic financial system in which overall development prospects... Read More

Working Papers
From Oil Rents to Inclusive Growth: Lessons from the MENA Region

A copious literature on resource curse correlates oil rents with poor economic outcomes in resource-rich... Read More

Working Papers
The performance of Islamic banks in the MENA region: Are specific risks a minor attribute?

Islamic banks face specific risks related to Sharia-compliant contracts. We provide an exhaustive literature review addressing... Read More

Working Papers
Female Labor Force Participation in Turkey: A Synthetic Cohort (Panel) Analysis, 1988-2013

We study the aggregate labor force participation behavior of women over a 25-year period in Turkey... Read More

Working Papers
Education and Labor Market Consequences of Student Protests in Late 1970s and the Subsequent Military Coup in Turkey

1970s witnessed violent, widespread, and highly-politicized student protests in Turkey. Small protests turned into bloody street... Read More

Working Papers
What are the Drivers of Egypt’s Government Debt?

Is government debt solely a fiscal phenomenon? This paper aims to understand what drives government... Read More

Working Papers
The Topography and Sources of Multidimensional Poverty in Turkey

Economic inequality and poverty have been extensively analyzed in monetary terms and the ability to reach... Read More

Working Papers
Gender Discrimination among College Graduates – Evidence from Developing Country

In this study, we conduct a multiple identity correspondence audit study that we ran in... Read More

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