In a nutshell:
- Import unit prices have had a positive and significant pass-through to consumer prices, but only in the pre-pandemic period.
- Tariffs and non-tariff measures implemented on imports in Tunisia have had a positive and significant pass-through to consumer prices, particularly in food and agriculture products.
- Real exchange rate changes lead to increases in consumer prices – more so for agricultural and food products before the pandemic. Further, a strong impact is observed for manufacturing and services during the pandemic.

Research Fellows
Leila Baghdadi
Senior Economist, MENA Chief Economist Office, World...

Authors
Inmaculada Martinez-Zarzoso
Professor, Department of Economics, University of Goettingen

Authors
Amal Medini
PhD Candidate in Economics, University of Tunis