In a nutshell
- Egypt has the worst basic education system worldwide.
- Egypt’s decentralization reforms were more rhetoric since the early 1990s.
- There are three institutional features that are crucial for bettering students’ performance, which are: Choice and Competition, Decentralization and Autonomy of Schools, and Accountability.
- Today, Egypt needs to implement an integrated and long term strategy for improving learning outcomes, characterized by the adoption of school-based management accompanied with capacity-building in schools, teachers and communities, and taking into account accountability for outcomes.