Making use of large volumes of mostly archival price data, this study examines wheat market integration in the Ottoman Empire and around the Eastern Mediterranean against a background of trends across Europe during the same period. While recent studies for Europe show a gradual, drawn-out process going back to the late medieval era, we found that rates of integration in the Ottoman Empire fluctuated without a clear trend during the early modern era followed by greater international integration and spatially uneven domestic integration in the nineteenth century. Overall, gains in Ottoman market integration were slower than those in western and central Europe in both periods. We emphasize the role of technological and institutional changes including changes in state capacity for this pattern.

Authors
Pinar Ceylan
ERC Postdoctoral Researcher, Ghent University

Authors
Kıvanç Karaman
Associate Professor of Economics, Boğaziçi University

Research Fellows
Sevket Pamuk
Professor of Economics and Economic History, Bogaziçi...